His literary activity was enormous, and the number of his published works comprises about fifty volumes. The most important of them are:
- Reminiscences (1821–1827)
- Horae Biblicae (1797), which passed through several editions
- Horae Juridicae Subsecivae (1804)
- Book of the Roman Catholic Church (1825), which was directed against Southey and excited some controversy
- lives of Erasmus, Grotius, Bossuet, Fénelon
He also edited and completed the
Lives of the Saints of his uncle, Alban Butler, Fearne's
Essay on Contingent Remainders and Hargrave's edition of Coke upon Littleton's
Laws of England (1775).
A complete list of Butler's works is contained in Joseph Gillow's
Bibliographical Dictionary of English Catholics, vol. i. pp. 357-364.