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Search - India, Pakistan And The West

India Pakistan And The West
Author: Percival Spear

INDIA, AND THE PERGIVAL SPEAR, PH. D. Fellow ofSelwyn College, Cambridge Geoffrey Cumberlege OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON NEW YORK TORONTO 1949 PRINTED IN CREAT BRITAIN BY THE RIVERSIDE PRESS, EDINBURGH FOREWORD THE word India has necessarily been used in an ambiguous sense in this book. As applied to the past, it denotes the geographical sub-... more »continent. As applied to the present, it denotes the Indian Dominion when used in a political sense, and again the sub-continent when used geographically. No acceptable hybrid covering the whole geographical area has yet found currency and some confusion of terminology is therefore inevitable. I should like to acknowledge the great help and encouragement received in various ways in preparing this book from the following my wife, the late Sir Frank Noyce, Dr. R. B. Whitehead, and Mr. Guy Wint. PERCTVAL SPEAR CAMBRIDGE November 1948 1318732 MAR 1-11550 CONTENTS I. PROBLEMS ...... 9 II. THE COUNTRY ..... 27 III. THE PEOPLES OF INDIA 39 IV. HINDUISM ...... 57 V. ISLAM 76 VI. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE . 92 VII. THE BRITISH 113 VIII. THE ORGANIZATION OF POWER . . 123 IX. THE ORGANIZATION OF ECONOMIC LIFE . 140 X. THE ORGANIZATION OF WELFARE . 157 XI. THE INDIAN RESPONSE . . 175 XII. THE NEW INDIA . . . .192 XIII. CONCLUSION 209 MAP 218-19 BlBLIOORAPHY ..... 22O INDEX 225 CHAPTER I PROBLEMS INDIA has been traditionally regarded as a land of wonder and mystery, a place where strange people live and strange things happen. This tradition was estab lished by the Greeks, whose first observer of whom we have any record embellished his account of India in the sixth century B. C. with marvels. The Skiapodes, he said, were a race with feet so large, that they were able to use them as sunshades, while others had ears of equal pro portions in which they could wrap themselves against the cold. Herodotus followed with the story of ants larger than foxes but smaller than dogs who threw out gold dust from their diggings in the desert, which was then procured by ingenious and hazardous means. From this it was but a step to the story told by Ctesias of a creature like a lion with a human face, shooting stings from its tail, and that of Megasthenes concerning a race e of gentler manners who had no mouths. They lived on the fumes of roast meat and the scent of fruits and flowers, but suffered severely from the odours of cities because of their unusually sensitive nos trils. These stories were incorporated by Herodotus, Strabo, and others in their works, became part of the classical literary tradition, and so descended to western Europe, The European visitors to India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries added the elements of splendour and wealth to the existing tradition. The early Portuguese 9 10 INDIA, PAKISTAN, AND THE WEST reported the magnificence of Vijayanagar in the Hindu south, and the Frenchman Bernier, who practised for nine years as a doctor 1660-69 at the Moghul court of Aurangzeb, vividly described the pomp of the Muslim rulers of the north. He compared the palace of Delhi with Versailles. The new tradition took root in England through such sources as the report of James Fs ambassador to the Moghuls, Sir Thomas Roe, and Drydens play The Tragedy of Aurangzebe, for which Bernier was the source. Glive and the English nabobs strengthened the tradition in the eighteenth century, and the attractive prospects offered by an Indian career continued it until recent times. The popular novel and the cinema have fed both traditions down to the present day. Thus it comes about that for one man who thinks of India as a place of heat and dust, of physical and ner vous strain, there are ten who think vaguely of marble palaces and rajahs jewels, of a land of wonder and wealth and mystery...

ISBN-13: 9781406712155
ISBN-10: 1406712159
Publication Date: 3/15/2007
Pages: 232
Rating:

Currently 4.5/5 Stars.

4.5 stars, based on 1 rating

Publisher: Deutsch Press
Book Type: Paperback
Other Versions: Hardcover
Members Wishing: 0
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