• Assistant Professor of Economics at M.I.T, 1940, Associate Professor, 1944.
• Member of the Radiation Laboratory 1944-1945.
• Professor of International Economic Relations (part-time) at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy in 1945.
• Guggenheim Fellowship from 1948 to 1949
• Professor of Economics at M.I.T. beginning in 1947 and Institute Professor beginning in 1962.
• Vernon F. Taylor Visiting Distinguished Professor at Trinity University in Spring 1989.

Death

More than any other contemporary economist, Samuelson has helped to raise the general analytical and methodological level in economic science. He has simply rewritten considerable parts of economic theory. He has also shown the fundamental unity of both the problems and analytical techniques in economics, partly by a systematic application of the methodology of maximization for a broad set of problems. This means that Samuelson's contributions range over a large number of different fields.

Thermodynamics and economics

• examine underlying analogies between central features in theoretical and applied economics and
• study how operationally meaningful theorems can be derived with a small number of analogous methods (p. 3),

• maximizing behavior of agents (including consumers as to utility and business firms as to profit) and
• economic systems (including a market and an economy) in stable equilibrium.

• Welfare economics, in which he popularised the Lindahl–Bowen–Samuelson conditions (criteria for deciding whether an action will improve welfare) and demonstrated in 1950 the insufficiency of a national-income index to reveal which of two social options was uniformly outside the other's (feasible) possibility function (Collected Scientific Papers, v. 2, ch. 77; Fischer, 1987, p. 236).
• Public finance theory, in which he is particularly known for his work on determining the optimal allocation of resources in the presence of both public goods and private goods.
• International economics, where he influenced the development of two important international trade models: the Balassa–Samuelson effect, and the Heckscher–Ohlin model (with the Stolper–Samuelson theorem).
• Macroeconomics, where he popularized the overlapping generations model as a way to analyze economic agents' behavior across multiple periods of time (Collected Scientific Papers, v. 1, ch. 21).
• Consumer theory, he pioneered the Revealed Preference Theory, which is a method by which it is possible to discern the best possible option, and thus define consumer's utility functions, by observing the consumer behaviour.

To prove that Wall Street is an early omen of movements still to come in GNP, commentators quote economic studies alleging that market downturns predicted four out of the last five recessions. That is an understatement. Wall Street indexes predicted nine out of the last five recessions! And its mistakes were beauties.

• member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, National Academy of Sciences, Fellow of Royal Society of London
• fellow of the American Philosophical Society and the British Academy;
• member and past President (1961) of the American Economic Association
• member of the editorial board and past-President (1951) of the Econometric Society
• fellow, council member and past Vice-President of the Economic Society.
• member of Phi Beta Kappa.

• 1947, Enlarged ed. 1983. Foundations of Economic Analysis, Harvard University Press.
• 1948. An Introductory Analysis McGraw–Hill, ISBN 0-07-074741-5 ; with William D. Nordhaus (since 1985), McGraw–Hill, 18th ed., 2004. ISBN 0-07-287205-5
• 1952. "Economic Theory and Mathematics ... An Appraisal," American Economic Review, 42(2), pp. 56-66 (press +).
• 1954. Paul A. Samuelson (1954). "The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure". Review of Economics and Statistics (The MIT Press) 36 (4): 387—389. doi:10.2307/1925895
• 1958. Linear Programming and Economic Analysis with Robert Dorfman and Robert M. Solow, McGraw–Hill
• 1966-86. The Collected Scientific Papers of Paul A. Samuelson, MIT Press. Article-preview links below by scrolling to CONTENTS.

1966. Volume I 1937–mid-1964. Previews.

1966. Volume II 1937–mid-1964. Previews.

1972. Volume III mid-1964–1970. Previews.

1977. Volume IV 1971–76.

1986. Volume V 1977–1985. Previews.

In preparation, Volumes VI and VII 1986–2009.

• 2007. Inside the Economist's Mind: Conversations with Eminent Economists with William A. Barnett, Blackwell Publishing, ISBN 1405159170

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