Robert Bly was born in Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota, to Jacob and Alice Bly, people of Norwegian ancestry. Following graduation from high school in 1944, he enlisted in the United States Navy, serving two years. After one year at St. Olaf College in Minnesota, he transferred to Harvard University, joining the later famous group of writers who were undergraduates at that time, including Donald Hall, Adrienne Rich, Kenneth Koch, Frank O'Hara, John Ashbery, Harold Brodkey, George Plimpton, and John Hawkes. He graduated in 1950 and spent the next few years in New York.

Beginning in 1954, Bly took two years at the University of Iowa at the Iowa Writers Workshop along with W. D. Snodgrass, Donald Justice, and others. In 1956 he received a Fulbright Grant to travel to Norway and translate Norwegian poetry into English. While there he found not only his relatives, but the work of a number of major poets whose work was barely known in the United States, among them Pablo Neruda, Cesar Vallejo, Antonio Machado, Gunnar Ekelof, Georg Trakl, Rumi, Hafez, Kabir, Mirabai, and Harry Martinson. Bly determined then to start a literary magazine for poetry translation in the United States. The Fifties, The Sixties, and The Seventies, introduced many of these poets to the writers of his generation, and also published essays on American poets

During this time, Bly lived on a farm in Minnesota with his wife and children. His first marriage was to award-winning short story novelist Carol Bly. They had four children, including Mary J. Bly, a Literature Professor at Fordham University and also a best-selling novelist. Bly and Carol divorced in 1979; he has been married to the former Ruth Ray since 1980. He has a stepdaughter from his marriage to Ruth Bly. A stepson from the marriage died in a pedestrian-train incident while he attended private college in Minnesota. Suicide was suspected but never confirmed.

Bly's early collection of poems, Silence in the Snowy Fields, was published in 1962, and its plain, imagistic style had considerable influence on American verse of the next two decades. The following year, he published "A Wrong Turning in American Poetry", an essay in which he made a case against the influences of Eliot, Pound, Marianne Moore, and William Carlos Williams, in favour of the more direct work of writers such as Pablo Neruda, César Vallejo, Juan Ramón Jiménez, Antonio Machado, and Rainer Maria Rilke.

In 1966, Bly co-founded American Writers Against the Vietnam War, and went on to lead much of the opposition to that war among writers. When he won the National Book Award for The Light Around the Body, he contributed the prize money to the Resistance. During the 1970s, he published eleven books of poetry, essays, and translations, celebrating the power of myth, Indian ecstatic poetry, meditation, and storytelling. During the 80s he published Loving a Woman in Two Worlds, The Wingéd Life: Selected Poems and Prose of Thoreau, The Man in the Black Coat Turns, and A Little Book on the Human Shadow.During the sixties he was of great help to the Bengali Hungryalist poets who faced anti-establishment trial at Kolkata, India.

Among his most famous works is A Book About Men, an international bestseller which has been translated into many languages. The book is credited with starting the Mythopoetic men's movement in the United States. Bly frequently conducts workshops for men with James Hillman, Michael J. Meade, and others, as well as workshops for men and women with Marion Woodman. He has taught at the annual "Great Mother Conference" since 1975. He maintains a friendly correspondence with Clarissa Pinkola Estés, author of Women Who Run With the Wolves.

Bly was the University of Minnesota Library's 2002 Distinguished Writer. He received The McKnight Foundation's Distinguished Artist Award in 2000, and the Maurice English Poetry Award in 2002. He has published more than 40 collections of poetry, edited many others, and published translations of poetry and prose from such languages as Swedish, Norwegian, German, Spanish, Persian and Urdu. His book The Night Abraham Called to the Stars was nominated for a Minnesota Book Award. He also edited the prestigious Best American Poetry 1999 (Scribners).

In 2006 the University of Minnesota purchased Bly's archive, which contained more than 80,000 pages of handwritten manuscripts; a journal spanning nearly 50 years; notebooks of his "morning poems"; drafts of translations; hundreds of audio and videotapes, and correspondence with many writers such as James Wright, Donald Hall and James Dickey. The archive is housed at Elmer L. Andersen Library on the University of Minnesota campus. The university paid $775,000 from school funds and private donors.

In February, 2008, Bly was named Minnesota's first poet laureate. In that year he also contributed a poem and an Afterword to From the Other World: Poems in Memory of James Wright.

Poetry collections

• Turkish Pears in August: Twenty-Four Ramages (Eastern Washington University, 2007)
• The Urge to Travel Long Distances (Eastern Washington University Press, 2005)
• My Sentence Was a Thousand Years of Joy (HarperCollins, 2005)
• Surprised by Evening (RealNewMusic, 2005)
• The Night Abraham Called to the Stars (HarperCollins, 2001)
• Eating the Honey of Words: New and Selected Poems (1999)
• Snowbanks North of the House (1999)
• Morning Poems (1997)
• Meditations on the Insatiable Soul (1994)
• What Have I Ever Lost by Dying?: Collected Prose Poems (1992)
• Loving a Woman in Two Worlds (1985)
• Selected Poems (1986)
• Mirabai Versions (1984)
• The Man in the Black Coat Turns (1981)
• This Tree Will Be Here for a Thousand Years (1979)
• This Body is Made of Camphor and Gopherwood (1977)
• Old Man Rubbing His Eyes (1974)
• Jumping Out of Bed (1973)
• Sleepers Joining Hands (1973)
• The Light Around the Body (1967)- won National Book Award
• The Lion's Tail and Eyes (1962)
• Silence in the Snowy Fields (1962)

Translations collections

• The Dream We Carry: Selected and Last Poems of Olav H. Hauge (Copper Canyon Press, 2008) (with Robert Hedin)
• Peer Gynt (verse play) - by Henrik Ibsen (2008)
• The Winged Energy of Delight: Selected Translations, HarperCollins (2004)
• The Half-Finished Heaven: The Best Poems of Tomas Tranströmer, Graywolf Press (2001)
• The Lightning Should Have Fallen on Ghalib (with Sunil Dutta, 1999)
• Lorca and Jiménez: Selected Poems, Beacon Press (1997)
• Ten Poems of Francis Ponge Translated by Robert Bly & Ten Poems of Robert Bly Inspired by the Poems of Francis Ponge (1990)
• Trusting Your Life to Water and Eternity: Twenty Poems of Olav H. Hauge (1987)
• Machado's Times Alone: Selected Poems (1983)
• The Kabir Book (1977)
• Friends, You Drank Some Darkness: Three Swedish Poets: Martinson, Ekeloef, and Transtromer (1975)
• Neruda and Vallejo: Selected Poems (1971)
• Hunger ... by Knut Hamsun (1967)

Anthologies

• The Best American Poetry (1999)
• The Soul Is Here for Its Own Joy: Sacred Poems from Many Cultures, Ecco Press (1995)
• The Darkness Around Us Is Deep: Selected Poems of William Stafford (1993)
• The Rag and Bone Shop of the Heart: Poems for Men (1992)
• News of the Universe (1980)
• Leaping Poetry (1975)
• A Poetry Reading Against the Vietnam War (1967)

Nonfiction books

• Remembering James Wright (2005)
• The Maiden King : The Reunion of Masculine and Feminine (with Marion Woodman), Henry Holt & Co (1998)
• The Sibling Society, Addison-Wesley (1996)
• The Spirit Boy and the Insatiable Soul (1994)
• American Poetry: Wildness and Domesticity (1991)
• A Book About Men (1990)
• A Little Book on the Human Shadow, (with William Booth, 1988)
• Eight Stages of Translation (1983)
• Talking All Morning: Collected Conversations and Interviews (1980)

Informational links

• The Robert Bly Web Site
• Poems by Robert Bly and biography at PoetryFoundation.org
• "Robert Bly reads 'Loon's Cry' " for the WGBH series, New Television Workshop
• Robert Bly - The Academy of American Poets
• 36th Annual Robert Bly's Conference on the Great Mother and the New Father
• 26th Annual: Bly's Minnesota Men's Conference, Sept. 14th - 19th, 2010, Robert Bly, and others..
• A ManKind Project(tm) Website featuring the New Warrior Training Adventure and a focus on Men's Issues
• The ManKind Project of Chicago, supporting men in leading meaningful lives of integrity, accountability, responsibility, and emotional intelligence
• Mythopoetic mens movement
• Men's Council of Greater MOMington Annual Men's Gathering
• MenWeb - Men's Issues Interview with Robert Bly
• Modern American Poetry Collection - Ball State University Archives and Special Collections Research Center
• Modern American Poetry critical essays on Bly's works
• The Human Shadow and other essays, articles and interviews by Robert Bly.

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