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21st Century U.S. Army Field Manuals: Military Mountaineering, FM 3-97.61, Hazards, Equipment, Techniques (Ringbound)
21st Century US Army Field Manuals Military Mountaineering FM 39761 Hazards Equipment Techniques - Ringbound Author:U.S. Army This ringbound book provides a reproduction of the U.S. Army Field Manual, Military Mountaineering, FM 3-97.61. Mountains exist in almost every country in the world and almost every war has included some type of mountain operations. This pattern will not change; therefore, soldiers will fight in mountainous terrain in future conflicts. Althou... more »gh mountain operations have not changed, several advancements in equipment and transportation have increased the soldiers' capabilities. The helicopter now allows access to terrain that was once unreachable or could be reached only by slow methodical climbing. Inclement weather, however, may place various restrictions on the capabilities of air assets available to a commander. The unit must then possess the necessary mountaineering skills to overcome adverse terrain to reach an objective. This field manual details techniques soldiers and leaders must know to cope with mountainous terrain. These techniques are the foundation upon which the mountaineer must build. They must be applied to the various situations encountered to include river crossings, glaciers, snow-covered mountains, ice climbing, rock climbing, and urban vertical environments. The degree to which this training is applied must be varied to conform to known enemy doctrine, tactics, and actions. This FM also discusses basic and advanced techniques to include acclimatization, illness and injury, equipment, anchors, evacuation, movement on glaciers, and training. This field manual is a training aid for use by qualified personnel in conjunction with FM 3-97.6, Mountain Operations, which is used for planning operations in mountainous terrain. Personnel using FM 3-97.61 should attend a recognized Department of Defense Mountain Warfare School for proper training. Improper use of techniques and procedures by untrained personnel may result in serious injury or death. Contents include: Mountain terrain, weather, hazards, rock and slope types, rock classifications, mountain building, route classification, cross-country movement, cover and concealment, observation, fields of fire, mountain weather, mountain air, wind, humidity, cloud formation, types of clouds, fronts, temperatures, weather forecasting, recording data, subjective hazards, objective hazards, weather hazards, avalanche, mountain living, water supply, nutrition, hygiene, acclimatization and conditioning, symptoms, medical considerations, illness and injury, treatment and evacuation, solar injuries, cold weather injuries, heat injuries, acute mountain sickness, chronic mountain sickness, pulmonary edema, cerebral edema, mountaineering equipment, footwear, clothing, climbing software, climbing hardware, snow and ice climbing hardware, equipment packing, rope management and knots, coiling, carrying, throwing, knots, anchors, natural anchors, trees, boulders, chockstones, rock projections, tunnels and arches, bushes and shrubs, slinging techniques, rope anchor, deadman, pitons, chocks, climbing, route selection, safety precautions, use of holds, climbing with the feet, using the hands, combination techniques, roped climbing, presewn harnesses, belay techniques, managing the rope, climbing commands, aid climbing, rope installations, rappelling, one-rope bridge, suspension traverse, vertical hauling line, simple raising systems, mountain walking techniques, navigation, route planning, mountain stream crossing, swimming, movement over snow and ice, use of ice ax and cramptons, glissading, snow and ice anchors, mountain rescue and evacuation, litters, avalanche search, much more. Our news and educational titles are privately compiled collections of official public domain U.S. government files and documents - they are not produced by the federal government. They are designed to provide a convenient user-friendly reference work and educational tool.« less