Ponicsan was born in Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, the son of Anne (née Kuleck) and Frank G. Ponicsan, a merchant. He attended Muhlenberg College, (A.B., 1959) and Cornell University, (M.A., 1965).

He was teacher of English at a high school in Owego, New York, 1959-62; a social worker for Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California in 1965, and teacher of English in California from 1966-69.

Ponicsan also wrote the screenplays for the CBS movie A Girl Called Hatter Fox (1977), the movies Taps (1981), Vision Quest (1985), Nuts (1987), The Boost (1988), School Ties (1992), the HBO movie The Enemy Within (1992), and the CBS series The Mississippi (1983).