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Gettysburg And Lincoln - The Battle, The Cemetery And The National Park
Gettysburg And Lincoln The Battle The Cemetery And The National Park Author:Henry Sweetser Burrage The Battle, the Cemetery, and the National Park By Henry Sweetser Burrage Brevet Major, U. S. Vols. Illustrated G. P. Putnams Sons New York and London ttbe ftntcfcer ocfcet pwss COPYRIGHT, 1906 BY HENRY S. BURRAGE Published, September, 9906 Reprinted December, iqo6 TO LIEUT.-COLONEL JOHN P. NICHOLSON SOLDIER AND PATRIOT i PREFACE IN the autumn o... more »f 1904, I obtained a photograph of a manuscript copy of President Lincolns Gettysburg Address. At first I supposed I had a photograph of the original manuscript, as un mistakably the handwriting was Mr. Lincolns, and the copy was dated November 19, 1863, the date of the consecration of the cemetery at Gettys burg. But in an extended search for the facts connected with the address, it was made plain that what I had was a photograph of a manuscript copy of the address, copy made by Mr. Lincoln in April, 1864, and not a photograph of the original manuscript. In the course of my in vestigations I obtained so many interesting facts concerning the composition and delivery of Mr. Lincolns address that I finally decided to bring together my material in the form in which it appears in Part II of this volume. The story of the battle and the record of the development VI Preface of the National Park were added in order to present in a connected way the principal facts covering the period from the commencement of the Gettysburg campaign to the present time. The principal sources of my information concern ing the battle are to be found in the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Other sources are sufficiently indicated in the foot-notes. In the preparation of the part of the work pertaining to the cemetery and President Lincolns address, I am indebted to the late Hon. John Hay, Secretary of State, and especially to an article in the Century Magazine by Mr. John G. Nicolay, President Lincolns private secretary. Much material for an account of the development of the National Park was found in Vanderslices History of the Gettysburg Battfe-field Memorial Association, and in the annual reports of the Gettysburg National Park Commission. In various visits to the battle-field I have received invaluable aid from Lieut-Colonel John P. Nicholson, chairman of the Gettysburg National Park Comtnission, also from his associates on the Commission The maps indicating the position Preface vii of both armies July ist, 2d, and 3d, have received the correction and approval of Lieut.-Colonel E. B. Cope, the Engineer of the Commission. The illustrations are from photographs made by the well-known Gettysburg photographer, W. H. Tipton a selection from his large collection of views illustrating the battle-field. H. S. B. TOGUS, MAINE, July 4, 1906. CONTENTS PART I. THE BATTLE PAGE I. LEE CROSSES THE POTOMAC . . 3 II. GETTYSBURG. THE FIRST DAY . . 19 III. GETTYSBURG. THE SECOND DAY . . 34 IV. GETTYSBURG. THE THIRD DAY . . 46 V. THE RETREAT 66 PART II. THE CEMETERY I. ORIGIN OP THE NATIONAL CEMETERY . 81 II. ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONSECRATION OF THE CEMETERY . 87 III. PRESIDENT LINCOLN GOBS TO GETTYS BURG ...... 95 IV. THE CONSECRATION SERVICES . . 106 V. IMPRESSION MADE BY PRESIDENT LIN COLNS ADDRESS . . . .122 VI. PRESIDENT LINCOLNS REVISION OF HIS ADDRESS 126 VII. PROVISION FOR THE COMPLETION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE CEMETERY . 136 ix Contents PART III. THE NATIONAL PARK I. WORK OP THE GETTYSBURG BATTLE-FIELD MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION . . 143 II WORK OF THE NATIONAL PARK COM MISSION 163 APPENDIX A 190 B 203 C 204 D 207 INDEX 215« less