A Guide to Diplomatic Practice Author:Ernest Mason Satow Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: CHAPTER IV PRECEDENCE AMONG STATES AND SIMILAR MATTERS § 21. Precedence of sovereigns as fixed by Pope Julius II— § 22. Bull of Leo X—§ 23. Claims to prece... more »dence of various sovereigns—§ 24. Portugal and England—§ 25. Suggestion of principle of relative antiquity—§ 26. French claim to frecedence over Spain—§ 27. Fracas between Spanish and rench ambassadorial coaches in London in 1661—§ 28. Dispute between French and Russian ambassadors—Footnote, State entry of Nicold Tron, London, 1715 — §29. Czerni- chew and du Chatelet-Lomon—§ 30. Russian and French equality established by Peace of Tilsit—§ 31. Pombal's attempt to regulate precedence—§ 32. Settlement at Vienna in 1815—§ 33. Alternat—§ 34. Dispute between France and Sweden in 1631—§ 35. Other cases-—§ 36. Elaborate arrangements in 1718—§ 37. Rdglement at Cambray in 1724—§ 38. Arrangement at Teschen in 1779—§ 39. Expedient sometimes adopted in signature of treaties—§ 40. Modern practice. § 21. The Pope in early times claimed the right of fixing the order of precedence among the heads of states, and in 1504 Julius II promulgated the following list. The precedence of the Pope above all other potentates was assumed as a matter of course. After him the order was: 1. The German Emperor; 2. the King of the Romans; 3. King of France; 4. King of Spain; 5. King of Aragon; 6. King of Portugal; 7. King of England; 8. King of Sicily; 9. King of Scotland; 10. King of Hungary; n. King of Navarre; 12. King of Cyprus; 13. King of Bohemia; 14. King of Poland; 15. King of Denmark; 16. Republic of Venice; 17. Swiss Confederation; 18. Duke of Britanny; 19. Duke of Burgundy; 20. Elector Palatine; 21. Elector of Saxony; 22. Elector of Brandenburg; 23. Archduke of Austria; 24. Duke of Savoy; 25. Grand-duke of Florence; 26. Dukeof Milan; 27. Du...« less