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Our Heritage Of Liberty - Its Origin, Its Achievement, Its Crisis
Our Heritage Of Liberty Its Origin Its Achievement Its Crisis Author:Stephen Leacock Stephen Leacock OUR HERITAGE OF LIBERTY Its Origin, Its Achievement, Its Crisis A BOOK FOR WAR TIME LONDON John Lane The Bodley Head First published 1942 COPYRIGHT IN U. S. A. BOOK PRDDUCTTON WAR ECONOMY STANDARD THIS BOOK IS PRODUCED IN COMPLETE CONFORMITY WITH THE AUTHORISED ECONOMY STANDARDS Printed in Great Britain by MORRISON AND OIBB LTD.,... more » LONDON AND EDINBURGH for JOHN LANE THE BODLEY HEAD LIMITED 8 Bury Place London W. C. i CONTENTS BRITAIN AND AMERICA 7 THE GOOD AND THE BAD OLD TIMES 12 THE MARCH OF PROGRESS 15 LIBERTY IN THE ANCIENT WORLD 17 THE SHADOW OF THE DARK AND MIDDLE AGES 22 NATIONAL STATES 24 THE GROWTH OF POPULAR RIGHTS 30 REACTION OF AMERICA ON EUROPE 31 NATURAL LIBERTY AND JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU 33 AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT 35 THE RIGHTS OF MAN AND OF THE CITIZEN 38 THE NEW LIGHT BURNS DIM 40 THE GREAT PEACE AND INDUSTRAL REVOLUTION 42 ENTER POLITICAL ECONOMY 47 JOHN STUART MILL 48 ANARCHISM AND WOOL-GATHERING 51 THE VISION OF SOCIALISM 53 NATIONAL LIBERTY AND UNITY 57 THE UNITED STATES UNITED 58 INDIVIDUAL LIBERTY AND MASS INDUSTRY 60 BRITAIN AND AMERICA LIBERTY is fighting for its life. In the present struggle the whole effort of Britain and America is the preservation of the liberty of free men, under the democratic government of free nations. The whole war effort directed against us aims to impose autocracy and to enforce submission. As between these two things there can be no choice and no compromise. One must go under. If we believe that right beats wrong, we cannot doubt which will survive. But in the hour of trial it is necessary to renew our faith. Of late years, both in Britain and America, we had come to value our liberty too little. We were forgetting the long struggle through which it had come to us, and the price paid. We had begun to take too much for granted. In England Mr John Bull, grown a little heavy and inactive, still kept repeating, An Englishmans house is his castle. When people interrupted him and protested, But, Mr Bull, this man hasnt any house, he would answer testily, Quite so, quite so, we are taking that up in Parliament in fact in a week or two it will go into committee and after that it will go . . . and then he paused for he knew very well where it would go. So, too, with John BulPs relative, Uncle Sam, over in America. He kept on saying, c Yes, sir, the price of liberty is eternal vigilance. Then he yawned and took a look around and didnt feel so sure about the vigilance. What were these slums, these millions of workers without work, these 7 8 Our Heritage of Liberty share-croppers, these miners cabins, these dust blown farms I must look into it 3 he said, after the baseball season, right after it, or after I get back from Miami Yet in spite of this lapse towards forgetfulness, till just a short time ago this almost world-wide freedom seemed to be a permanent achievement and advance of humanity. Then came the war. The shadow of force and tyranny has fallen over a great part of Europe. Liberty is here derided, there trampled under foot, and everywhere in danger. Human kindliness is replaced by cruelties unknown for centuries. It is proper therefore for us to look back, for renewed inspiration and sustained courage, over the ground that has been traversed. We need to read again the story of the long struggle by which liberty seemed achieved. We need to examine again the ideals and the principles on which free government was established in Britain and America. We need perhaps to ask what were the short comings, how much there was still incomplete and unaccomplished, to what extent our freedom, while established in the letter, nevertheless failed in the spirit. It is the purpose of this survey to undertake such an inquiry. About a hundred years ago people in Great Britain and America, and indeed people in most of Europe, lived in what was in one sense a singularly happy world. It was not so much happy in what it had, as in its expectation of what it was about to get...« less