"Advertising generally works to reinforce consumer trends rather than to initiate them." -- Michael Schudson
Michael Schudson is an American academic sociologist working in the fields of journalism and its history, and public culture.
He was brought up in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He has an undergraduate degree from Swarthmore College, and a doctorate in sociology from Harvard University. From 1976 he was assistant professor at the University of Chicago. In 1980 he joined the faculty of University of California, San Diego, where he was a Professor of Communication and Adjunct Professor of Sociology until 2009. He is currently a full-time faculty member of The Journalism School at Columbia University.
"Advertisements ordinarily work their wonders, to the extent that they work at all, on an inattentive public.""American advertisers rely on 'essentially illogical' approaches to determine their advertising budgets.""Buy me and you will overcome the anxieties I have just reminded you of.""Chances are that neither the client nor the agency will ever know very much about what role the ad has played in sales or profits of the client, either short-term or long-term.""If advertising is not an official or state art, it is nonetheless clearly art.""If there are signs that Americans bow to the gods of advertising, there are equally indications that people find the gods ridiculous. It is part of the popular culture that advertisements are silly.""It is very likely that many firms spend more on advertising than, for their own best interests, they should.""Most criticism of advertising is written in ignorance of what actually happens inside these agencies.""Sales may lead to advertising as much as advertising leads to sales.""The effectiveness of advertising depends on the amount and kind of product information available to consumers... advertising will be more successful the more impoverished the consumer's information environment.""The power of ads rests more in the repetition of obvious exhortations than in the subtle transmission of values."
In the mid 1980s Schudson used the term "capitalist realism" to describe mainstream practices in advertising. Chapter seven of Schudson's Advertising: The Uneasy Persuasion compares the messages and appeals of advertising to those found in the Socialist Realism of the Soviet Union. In his account, the realism of advertising promotes a way of life based on private consumption, rather than social, public achievement.