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Bearings And Bearing Metals; A Treatise Dealing With Various Types Of Plain Bearings, The Compositions And Properties Of Bearing Metals, etc
Bearings And Bearing Metals A Treatise Dealing With Various Types Of Plain Bearings The Compositions And Properties Of Bearing Metals etc Author:Various BEARINGS AND BEARING METALS A TREATISE DEALING WITH VARIOUS TYPES OF PLAIN BEARINGS, THE COMPOSITIONS AND PROPERTIES OF BEARING METALS, METHODS OF INSURING PROPER LUBRICATION, AND IMPORTANT FACTORS GOVERNING THE DE- SIGN OF PLAIN BEARINGS. PREFACE FEW subjects related to the design or construction of ma- chinery are of greater importance than t... more »he subject of bearings. All classes of mechanisms have bearings of some kind and bearings that are properly designed and constructed are a necessity. As every experienced mechanic knows, a poor bearing may tie up a machine or even cause an entire plant to shut down temporarily. Owing to the importance of this subject, designers and mechanics in general should understand the fundamental principles governing bearing design and should know what approved types are in common use on different classes of machinery. This treatise deals exclusively with plain bearings, ball and roller bearings being covered in another book of this series. The types of plain bearings illustrated in s connection with the following chapters were selected to show how designs are modified to suit different conditions, and also practical methods of arranging bearings to insure adequate lubrication and thorough protection against the entrance of any foreign material liable to injure the bearing sur- faces. The designs illustrated were taken from actual practice and have proved satisfactory when properly con- structed and applied. This treatise contains, in addition to the features mentioned, condensed information on com- positions of various bearing metals, their properties, the classes of service to which different bearing alloys are adapted, and the general methods of procedure in designing plain bearings to meet different service conditions. 793278 CONTENTS Types of Plain Bearings 1 Bearing Metals Methods of Lubricating Bearings 59 Design of Plain Bearings .93 29 BEARINGS AND BEARING METALS CHAPTER I TYPES OF PLAIN BEARINGS BEARINGS may be divided into two general classes journal bearings and thrust bearings. In the journal bear- ing the load acts at right angles to the axis such bearings are also termed radial bearings. In the thrust bearing, the load acts parallel to the axis. Bearings may also be divided into two classes according to the manner in which the bear- ing surfaces are in contact with each other. Ordinary bear- ings have a sliding contact, whereas ball and roller bearings have a rolling contact. In this treatise, bearings with slid- ing contact only will be dealt with. Solid and Adjustable Bearings. In the simplest form of bearing, a cylindrical shaft fits into a hole in the part which forms the support for the shaft. In a bearing of this type, there is no provision for the taking up of the wear between the shaft and the bearing. For this reason, a bushing or lin- ing is generally used in the supporting machine part into which the shaft fits. When this bushing becomes worn, it can easily be replaced. Frequently bushings of this type are made tapered on the outside and fit into a tapered hole in the supporting frame. The bushings are split and, as the hole in the bushing wears, means are provided for pulling the bushing into the tapered hole so as to reduce the diam- eter of the hole. In other cases, the bushings are cylindrical, but the whole bearing is split, so that, when wear occurs, one-half of the bearing can be tightened down to restore proper conditions. Self-aligning Bearings. When torque is applied to a shaft and the journal begins to move, the bearing should be so , 2 PLAIN . BEARINGS supported...« less