Cattle And Dairying In The Punjab - 1910 Author:Various INDEX. Subject. Page. Present conditions of cattle breeding in the Punjab Demand for draught cattle Supply of draught cattle ... General breeding arrangements Breeding and exporting t Hariana tracts .. it Potwar Dhanni tract ... ... tit The Western breeding centres Intermediate tracts Importing Male buffaloes Hill cattle ... Milch cattle Cows tr... more »acts ... . u Buffaloes Grazing grounds ... ... Fodder supply The Cattle Trade t Traders w Dairying Cattle fairs ... i Milk supply ... ... ... it The trade - INTRODUCTORY. In August 1909 the Punjab Government decided that a report should be prepared dealing with the cattle trade of the province with special reference to the profits of cattle-breeding, and the Director of Agriculture was asked to obtain information on the subject from District officers. The Director of Agriculture issued a circular, drawing attention to the principal points to be dealt with by the District officers in their enquiries. The present report is based on the replies to this circular. In order to obtain an idea of the subject from the stand point of the province as a whole the officer deputed to write the report visited the principal fairs and breeding centres of the Punjab during the last three months of the cold weather and had the opportunity of talking over the subject with District officers, the officers of the Civil Veterinary Department and the principal landowners and zamindars. At the end of the cold weather an informal conference was convened by the Director of Agriculture, consisting of Major Walker, Chief Superintendent of the Civil Veterinary Department, Major Farmer of the Hissar Cattle Farm, Mr. Woodley of the Civil Veterinary Department and the writer at which a short note of the principal conclusions arrived at was discussed. So far as the Punjab is concerned the interest taken in this important matter is by no means of recent growth. The re- ports of the Assistant to the Inspector-General, Civil Veterinary Department, from 1895 to 1898, by Captains Pease and Gunn form a fairly complete survey of cattle-breeding in the Punjab at that time, and contain many suggestions and anticipations which have received too little attention. Captain Peases Note on Indigenous Breeds of Cattle in the Punjab is a valuable record of typical stock to be found in the province, but his treatment of the subject is primarily technical, and questions such as the encouragement of village breeding, and the preservation of fodder in times of scarcity are only incidentally discussed. A survey of cattle breeding in each district is now being undertaken by the Civil Veterinary Department. But as the time of these officers is fully occupied by their ordinary duties the progress of the survey is likely to be slow. In the quinquennial cattle census t which has been taken since 1899, the province possesses a store of information as to the numbers and distribution of its cattle. But mere figures in this case See Appendix No. 2. t See Appendix No. 1. 2 are misleading, unless supplemented by some estimate of the quality and breed of the cattle enumerated, and some enquiry into the relation of demand and supply. In the present report an attempt has been made to focus the outstanding features of the of cultiva- . subject, the extent to which the extraordinary spread tion has diminished the sources of supply, the necessity of preserv- ing and improving the remaining breeding centres, the development of Government assistance, and the results which may be ex- pected from co-operative effort. II. PRESENT CONDITIONS OF CATTLE-BREEDING IN THE PUNJAB...« less