The Elder Henry James Author:Austin Warren Text extracted from opening pages of book: THE ELDER HENRY JAMES ( 1811-1882) THE MACMILLAN COMPANY NEW YORK BOSTON CHICAGO DALLAS ATLANTA SAN FRANCISCO MACMILLAN & CO., LIMITED LONDON BOMBAY CALCUTTA MELBOURNE THE MACMILLAN COMPANY OF CANADA, LIMITED TORONTO Copyright, 1934, by THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. All rights reserved no part of this book may... more » be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief passages in connection with a review written for inclusion in magazine or newspaper. Set up and printed Published April, 1934. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NORWOOD PRESS LINOTYPE, INC. NORWOOD, MASS., U. S. A, To E. A. W. and L. F. H. IN GRATITUDE AND AFFECTION PREFACE MORE than ten years ago my attention was first called to the elder Henry James. The introduction I owe to my friend, Dr Clarence Hotson. This book has been five years in the making, but was virtually complete two years ago, before the appearance of Mr Grattan's Three Jameses called the attention of literary folk to the dis tinguished father of two distinguished sons. During the fifty years since his death, however, the subject of this volume has never wanted intelligent and zealous disciples or praise, albeit the disciples have been few and scattered, and the praise, though discerning, incidental to the celebration of one or the other of the sons. The time now seems ripe for James to receive attention in his own right, both as personality and as thinker. In this book I have been chiefly concerned with pre senting James, in his own characteristic language; with tracing his philosophical development against the back ground of what is to me the most exciting period in our vii Vlii PREFACE intellectual history the twenty or thirty years preced ing the Civil War; and with interpreting his by no means pellucid, often baffling, but always stimulating books. My attitude might be described as in the main that of sympathetic detachment. In the Epilogue, I have brought James out of his own time and into ours, and have asked ( and tried to answer) the questions, What part would he play in the current scene; what cause would be espouse; and, finally, what can be urged in behalf of his central attitude? But nowhere should I be understood as speaking my own convictions upon the doctrines James enounced or the position which he adopted toward the issues of his day and ours. I ex glore; I interpret; I do not pass judgment. But my former teacher, Irving Babbitt, whose death cannot ter minate his constant inspiration of those whose minds he awakened, would visit me with proper scorn if I al lowed myself to feel that the detachment of the chron icler or the sympathetic interpretation ( e. g., trying to see the world from inside Henry James) were the whole duty of the writing man. In a subsequent volume, The Age of Emerson, I hope to give a considered estimate of the cause James served in other words, to speak as a critic. An apology is due the manes of the unpedantic seer for the documentation of this book. But, relegated to the back of the text, it need disturb no reader who would dispense with it. Because, however, the elder James scattered his brilliant apergus so indiscriminately through the whole range of his books, tracts, articles, PREFACE IX reviews, and letters, and because he runs the gamut of his favorite themes in well-nigh every published ap pearance, it is doubtful that any memory can recall where to locate a particular utterance. I cannot pre tend to offer a complete repertory of the wit and wis dom of Henry James; but I am inclined to agree with his son William that a collection of his best passages would do him more service than the republication of any single work, and the notes and index to this book will make accessible those of the ' best passages' which I have incorporated into this ' I'homme et V& uvre! Throughout my study, I have had the cordial as sistance of Mr Henry James of New Yor« less