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Myths And Mythmakers - Old Tales And Superstitions Interpreted By Comparative Mythology
Myths And Mythmakers Old Tales And Superstitions Interpreted By Comparative Mythology Author:John Fiske MYTHS ANE MAKERS OLD TALES AND SUPERSTITIONS INTERPRETED BY COMPAR ATIVE MYTHOLOGY BY JOHN FISKE La mythologie, cette science toute nouvelle, qul nous fait sulvre les croy ances de nos pcrcs, depuis le berceau du monde jusquaux superstitions de noa campagnes. EDMOND SCHERER. BOSTON AND ijjgtf , HOUGHTON MIFFL1N COMPANY COPYRIGHT 1872 BY JAMES R.... more » OSGOOD CO. COPYRIGHT 1900 BY JOHN PISKE COPYRIGHT 1902 BY HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN CO. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED TO MY DEAR FRIEND WILLIAM DEAN HOWELLS IN REMEMBRANCE OP PLEASANT AUTUMN EVENINGS SPENT AMONG WEREWOLVES AND TROLLS AND NIXIES 31 ticbfcate THIS RECORD OF OUR ADVENTURES PREFACE IN publishing this somewhat Gambling and unsystematic series of papers, in which I have endeavoured to touch briefly upon a great many of the most important points in the study of mythology, I think it right to observe that, in order to avoid confusing the reader with intricate discussions, I have sometimes cut the matter short., expressing myself with dogmatic definiteness where a sceptical vagueness might perhaps have seemed more becoming. In treat ing of popular legends and superstitions, the paths of inquiry are circuitous enough, and sel dom can we reach a satisfactory conclusion until we have travelled all the way around Robin Hoods barn and back again. I am sure that the reader would not have thanked me for ob structing these crooked lanes with the thorns and brambles of philological and antiquarian discussion, to such an extent as perhaps to make him despair of ever reaching the high road. I have not attempted to review, other wise than incidentally, the works of Grimm Muller, Kuhn, Breal, Dasent, and Tylor 0or vii PREFACE can I pretend to have added anything of con sequence, save now and then some bit of ex planatory comment, to the results obtained by the labour of these scholars but it has rather been my aim to present these results in such a way as to awaken general interest in them. And accordingly, in dealing with a subject which de pends upon philology almost as much as astro nomy depends upon mathematics, I have omitted philological considerations wherever it has been possible to do so. Nevertheless, I believe that nothing has been advanced as established which is not now generally admitted by scholars, and that nothing has been advanced as probable for which due evidence cannot be produced. Yet among many points which are proved, and many others which are probable, there must always remain many other facts of which we cannot feel sure that our own explanation is the true one and the student who endeavours to fathom the primitive thoughts of mankind, as enshrined in mythology, will do well to bear in mind the modest words of Jacob Grimm, himself the greatest scholar and thinker who has ever dealt with this class of subjects, c I shall indeed interpret all that I can, but 1 can not interpret all that I should like. PETERSHAM, September 6, 1872 CONTENTS PAGE I. THE ORIGINS OF FOLK-LORE ... X II. THE DESCENT OF FIRE . . 50 III. WEREWOLVES AND SWAN-MAIDENS . . 94 IV. LIGHT AND DARKNESS ... 141 V. MYTHS OF THE BARBARIC WORLD . . - rgi VI. JUVENTUS MUNDI 2135 VII. THE PRIMEVAL GHOST-WORLD . . a8 NOTE ....... 3 5 INDEX ....... 327 The portrait of Dr. Fiake is from a photograph taken in 1883 MYTHS AND MYTH MAKERS THE ORIGINS OF FOLK-LORE FEW mediaeval heroes are sp widely known as William Tell. His exploits have been jcelebrated by one of the greatest poets and one of the most popular musicians of mod ern times. They are . doubtless familiar to many who have never heard of Stamffaeher or Winkei ried, who are quite ignorant pf the prowcos of Roland, and to whom Arthur and Lancelot, nay, even Charlem gtie, are but empty names. Nevertheless, in pite of his vast reputation, it ...« less