Pensees The Provincial Letters Author:Blaise Pascal PENSEES THE PROVINCIAL LETTERS by BLAISE PASCAL THE MODERN LIBRARY I YORK CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION ix PENSfiES SECTION I. THOUGHTS ON MIND AND ON STYLE 3 II. THE MISERY or MAN WITHOUT GOD ig III. OF THE NECESSITY OF THE WAGER 64 IV. OF THE MEANS OF BELIEF 86 V. JUSTICE AND THE REASON OF EFFECTS roo VI. THE PHILOSOPHERS 115 VII MORALITY AND DOC... more »TRINE 134 VIII THE FUNDAMENTALS OF THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION r So IX PERPETUITY 193 X. TYPOLOGY 215 XI. THE PROPHECIES 234 XII. PROOFS OF JESUS CHRIST 263 XIII. THE MIRACLES 282 XIV. APPENDIX POLEMICAL FRAGMENTS 304 THE PROVINCIAL LETTERS LETTER I. Disputes in the Sorbonne, and the invention of proximate power a term employed by the Jesuits to procure the censure of M . Arnauld 325 LETTER II. Of sufficient grace 336 Reply of the Provincial to the first two Letters 347 LETTER III. Injustice, absurdity, and nullity of the censure on M. Arnauld 349 LETTER IV. On actual grace and sins of ignorance 358 LETTER V. Design of the Jesuits in establishing a new system of morals Two sorts of casuists among them, a great many lax and some severe ones Reason of this dif ference Explanation of the doctrine of probability A multitude of modern and unknown authors substi tuted in the place of the holy fathers 372 LETTER VI. Various artifices of the Jesuits to elude the authority of the Gospel, of councils, and of the popes Some con sequences which result from their doctrine of proba-VI THE PROVINCIAL LETTERS vi bility Their relaxation in favor of beneficiaries, priests, monks, and domestics Story of John dAlba 388 LETTER VII Method of directing the intention adopted by the casuists Permission to . kill in defence of honor and property, extended even to priests and monks Curious ques tion raised by Caramuel as to whether Jesuists may be allowed to kill Jansemsts 402 LETTER VIII. Corrupt maxims of the casuists relating to judges Usurers The Contract Mohatra Bankrupts Res titution Divers ridiculous notions of these same casuists 41 LETTER IX. False worship of the Virgin introduced by the Jesuits Devotion made easy Their maxims on ambition, envy, gluttony, equivocation, and mental reserva tions Female dress Gaming Hearing Mass 43 LETTER X. Palliatives applied by the Jesuits to the sacrament of penance, in their maxims regarding confession, satis faction, absolution, proximate occasions of sin, contri tion and the love of God 450 LETTER XI. Ridicule a fair weapon when employed against absurd opinions Rules to be observed in the use of this weapon The profane buffoonery of Fathers Le Moine and Garasse 46 LETTER XII. Refutation of their chicaneries regarding alrjis-giving and simony 4. 2 Viil THE PROVINCIAL LETTERS LETTER XIII. The doctrine of Lessius on homicide the same with that of Valentia How easy it is to pass from speculation to practice Why the Jesuits have recourse to this distinction, and how little it serves for their vindica tion 499 LETTER XIV. In which the maxims of the Jesuits on murder are refuted from the Fathers Some of their calumnies answered by the way And their doctrine compared with the forms observed m criminal trials 515 LETTER XV. Showing that the Jesuits first exclude calumny from their catalogue of crimes, and then employ it in denouncing their opponents 532 LETTER XVI. Shamexul calumnies of the Jesuits against pious clergy men and innocent nuns 549 LETTER XVII. The author of the letters vindicated from the charge of heresy An heretical phantom Popes and general councils not infallible in questions of fact 573 LETTER XVIII. Showing still more plainly, on the authority of Father Annat himself, that there is really no heresy in the Church, and that in questions of fact we must be guided by our senses, and not by authority even of the popes 595 LETTER XIX...« less