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Rivers Of The Eastern Shore - Seventeen Maryland Rivers
Rivers Of The Eastern Shore - Seventeen Maryland Rivers Author:Hulbert Footner RIVERS OF THE EASTERN SHORE D C o nb c my ttJ L HERVEY ALLEN Planned and Started TANCE LINDSAY STERN SH Maryland Rivers 5 by iHULBERT FOOTNER Illustrated by ON SOPHER Contents 1. BEGINNINGS 5 2. WILLIAM CLAIBORNE 24 3. COLONEL EDMUND SCARBURGH .... 40 4. THE PICAROONS 48 5. THE POCOMOKE RIVZ, 68 6. THE LITTLE AND THE BIG ANNEMESSEX . . 86 7-THE ... more »MANOKIN 104 8. THE WICOMICO 120 9. THE NANTICOKE RIVLR 135 10. THE DORCHESTER MARSHES . . . . I 2 11. THE LITTLE CHOPTANK 163 12. THE CHOPTANK RIVER, PART ONE . . . I O 13. THE CHOPTANK RIVER, PART TWO . . .185 14. THE TOWN OF OXFORD 205 IJ. THE TRED AVON RIVER 21 8 1 6. ST. MICHAELS 236 17. THE MILES RIVER . 2J5 1 8. THE LLOYDS OF WYE 269 vii . YUU CONTENTS 19. THE tf RIVER 294 ,. 20. THEd iSTER RIVER 309 21. CHESTERTOWN 326 22. THE SASSAFRAS AND BOHEMIA RIVERS . - 339 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 360 SOURCES 362 INDEX 369 RIVERS OF THE EASTERN SHORE EASTERN SHOKE CHAPTER I Beginnings T JL. . H HE Eastern Shore, as every Marylander knows, comprises that peninsula lying between Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. More than three hundred years ago, the first white settlers in Virginia and Maryland established them selves on the western shore of the bay, and naturally they called the land on the other side the Eastern Shore. To them no further designation was required, and it has been the Eastern Shore ever since. In the language of the geologists, Chesapeake Bay is a drowned river, in other words, the Susquehanna, to which all the rivers which now empty into the bay on both sides were once tributary. In the course of ages, this part of the coastal plain sank beneath the sea, not once but four times, they say. The first time the land emerged, according to their theory, the Susquehanna River, coming down from the north west, finding itself blocked by a great shoal or bank of detritus, was diverted to the south for a hundred and fifty miles before finding an outlet to the sea. This bank was the first Eastern Shore. It sank again, and the waves of the sea washed the base of the cliffs of the piedmont country, or foothills. Each time the shore sank it received deposits of detritus from the rivers, and it is in those 5 6 RIVERS OF THE EASTERN SHORE various layers that the geologists read the story today. The ice-cap never extended quite as far south as this, but the rivers brought down great masses of ice laden with boulders and detritus. Such boulders are to be found buried on the Eastern Shore today. Here and there one lies on top of the ground, but the sight of a rock of any kind is rare in that country of silt and sand and clay. The people of the Eastern Shore believe that their coun try is again sinking under the sea, and point to various evi dences to prove it. The geologists say it may be so, but decline to commit themselves. Such a mighty change, they say, is not to be measured by a few generations of men. On the other hand, anybody can see the depredations of the winds and the tides in a land where there are no bulwarks of rock. The banks of the rivers and the bay shores are washing the islands are going fast. Some islands have disappeared altogether within the space of recorded history. Today the Eastern Shore comprises a peninsula shaped roughly like a bunch of grapes. It hangs down from a stem in the north, where only a few miles of land separate the waters of the Delaware from the Chesapeake, spreads out in a wide shoulder, and tapers off to a point Cape Charles at the south. It includes almost the whole of the little state of Delaware, with nine counties of Maryland, and two of Vir ginia. It is about 136 miles long and 55 miles wide at the shoulder. In this small expanse there are no less than nineteen navigable rivers. As rivers go, they are small affairs flowing through a drowned country, each widens into an immense tidal estuary...« less