Romano-British Buildings And Earthwork Author:John Ward PREFACE. I T was originally intended that this should be a general work on Roman Britain, but it was soon evident that it was impossible to compress so large a subject into a volume of this size, and at the same time do reasonable justice to that phase of it-the towns, forts, houses, and other structural remains-which in so marked a manner has b... more »een enlarged and modified by the systematic use of the spade during the last quarter of a century. I was on the point of abandoning it, when I chanced to meet the late Mr. George E. Fox, F. S. A., in whose death archaeology has received a severe blow, and, mentioning the circumstance, he suggested that I should confine myself to the architectural side of the subject, as such a work was urgently needed. This was a scattering of-seed upon congenial ground, for it was precisely the major monuments of Roman Britain which especially interested me. The aim of the book is twofold it describes the remains that come within its scope, and it essays the more difficult task of their interpretation. But it is inevitable that with the present pace of archaeological research many of the conclusions here set forth will have to be modified in the course of very few years. The work is mainly a compilation-how otherwise could it be But here and there it will be found that I have reason to modify the conclusions of others or to differ from them. And if considerable space has been given to the discoveries at Silchester, this is inevitable, for no archaeological research has thrown greater light on Roman Britain than the twenty-seven diggings on the site of Calleva. The plans are in most instances simplified from the originals by the omission of minor details and confusing structural alterations and additions, in order to present their salient features and as far as possible the buildings of different kinds are shown to common scales so as to render their comparative study easy. I am indebted to many for various services which have contributed to the usefulness of this work to Dr. Joseph Anderson, F. S. A. Prof. R. C. Bosanquet Dr. F. Haverfield Mr. J. P. Gibson the late Mr. G. E. Fox, M. A. Mr. F. A. Bruton, F. S. A. Mr. James Curle, F. S. A. Mr. James Barbour, F. S. A. Scot. Mr. A. E. Hudd, F. S. A. Dr. T. Ashby, F. S. A., Rome Mr. Frank King Mr. F. Gerald Simpson Mr. St. George Gray, F. S. A. Dr. Gcorge Macdonald Rev. Dr. Cox, F. S. A. Mr. W. H. Ihowles, F. S. A. Col. C. E. Ruck, F. S. A. Scot. Mr. Thomas May, F. S. A. Scot. Mr. Charles Bathurst, M. P., Lydney Mr. W. Clarke, Llandaff Mr. L. P. Salmann Mr. Mill Stevenson, F. S. A. Mr. W. St. John Hope, M. A. and to others whose names are referred to in the body of the book. Also to an old friend, Mr. J. W. Stenson, for reading the proof sheets. JOHN WARD CONTENTS CHAPTER I PAGE CAMPS-THEC AMP O S F CLASSICAWLR ITER A S N D BRITISHE XAMPLES I CHAPTER I1 FORTS A ND FORTIFIEDTO WNS-THEIRG ENERACLH ARACTERISTICIS8 CHAPTER I11 FORTS A ND FORTIFIEDTO WNS-THEIRF ORTIFICATIO . NS - 47 CHAPTER IV FORTS-THEIRI NTERNABLU ILDING A S N D SUBURB S . 80 CHAPTER V THE NORTHERNFR ONTIERS-THE WALLS OF ANTONINUS AND HADRIAN . . IIO CHAPTER V1 HOUSES OF THE ORDINAR O Y R CORRIDO RTY PE . . 138 CHAPTER V11 HOUSES O F THE BASILICA LT YPE--COTTAGES . I74 CHAPTER V111 BATHS DOMESTIC AN D PUBLIC . . 189 CHAPTER IX FORUMSB, A SILICAS A , N D OTHER PUBLICS TRUCTURES . . 315 vii viii ROMANO-BRITISH BUILDINGS AND EARTHWORKS CHAPTER X PAGE TEMPLESS, HRINES A , N D CHURCHES ...« less