Salud A Southern American Journal Author:Margaret Culkin Banning SALUD A SOUTH AMERICAN JOURNAL Margaret Culkin Banning WITH DRAWINGS BY RAFAELO BUSONI HARPER BROTHERS PUBLISHERS New York and London TO THREE GENTLEMEN ON THE PIER SALUD A SOUTH AMERICAN JOURNAL F ORE WORD SALUD THE first thing you do in South America is to shake hands. It is the last thing you do. And in between times you develop an extra musc... more »le in your arm. I found that out at once. We had disembarked in Buena ventura and were directed to reclaim our passports at the office of the Captain of the Port, three squares away, three flights up and ninety-five degrees hot. The busy little official in shirtsleeves looked as if he hardly knew I was in the room. But as I approached him, the Colombian-American friend who was with me said, Remember to shake hands. I asked, Should I really for it seemed going rather far. This was a small official transaction. In the United States we dont shake hands on such occasions. But my informed friend said firmly, Begin right now and shake hands with every one. We do that down here. So I held out my hand and the official rose, shook me gravely and yet warmly by the hand and I was welcomed to South America. I saw it and I felt it. SALUD A SOUTH AMERICAN JOURNAL Two months later in a drawing room in Rio I was intro duced to a group of people and one Englishman in the com pany merely bowed in answer to the introduction. I felt slighted. In South America, thought I, we shake handsl You like it when you get used to it. You shake hands with the chauffeur whos been taking you around town, with the ambassador and the jeweler, with the guide and the woman who is giving a party for you. Its an expected cordiality, the first gesture of a relationship which all South Americans take seriously, and all relationships are less casual than they are in the United - States, Later on, if the South Americans like you, you may be kissed on both cheeks, and even your mas culinity may be enfolded in another mans arms with affec tionate pats on the back. These bear no relation to back slapping. The touch is quite different. But such courtesies are for those well established in South American relations and affections, and for the majority of us travelers from the United States, for the nation itself, the handshake is what we get in South America today. You cannot travel far in South America nor across many boundaries without realizing that the first thing we must become aware of in the States as they speak of our country is that there are many nations and many temperaments and many kinds of friendship for us and prejudice against us in South America. The first lesson for the North Ameri can is that South America is not a continent of one racial family nor of one mind. In the United States many people are still utterly blind to that fact. They think of South America as a continent with which a single, all-embracing diplomatic or commercial pol icy can be established-The ordinary person in this country realizes, in thinking of Europe, that the same policy cannot SALUD apply to Holland, to Italy, to Russia, and to Spain, but he has not learned to split up South America into the proper variety of its countries, nor to identify them. And yet before the continents can deal with each other either intelligently or sympathetically, this must be done by the people as well as by their governments. fc What is sauce for Brazil is not neces sarily as tasty in Chile or the Argentine. A simple basic knowledge of geography, history and present economic and political problems of most of the South American countries should not be beyond the scope of the great public in the United States, and if the public is to back up the policy of its national government toward these nations, or even to understand what is going on, this is necessary knowledge. The countries differ sharply. But one thing is true. You will shake hands everywhere...« less