Despite the acclaim she received from contemporaries, Pauline Johnson's reputation significantly declined in the decades after her death . Starting in 1961, with commemoration of the centenary of her birth, Johnson began to be recognized as an important Canadian cultural figure. A number of biographers and literary critics have downplayed her literary contributions, however. They contend that her abilities as a performer contributed most to her literary reputation during her lifetime. W. J. Keith wrote: "Pauline Johnson's life was more interesting than her writing ... with ambitions as a poet, she produced little or nothing of value in the eyes of critics who emphasize style rather than content."
The author Margaret Atwood admitted that she did not examine literature written by Native authors when preparing
Survival, her seminal work on Canadian literature. She stated at its publication in 1973 that she could not find such Native works. She questioned, "Why did I overlook Pauline Johnson? Perhaps because, being half-white, she somehow didn't rate as the real thing, even among Natives; although she is undergoing reclamation today." Atwood's comments indicated that questions regarding Johnson's claims to Aboriginal identity contributed to her neglect by critics.
As Atwood suggested, in recent decades Johnson's writings and performances have been rediscovered by literary, feminist, and postcolonial critics. They have appreciated her importance as a New Woman and figure of resistance to dominant ideas about race, gender, Native Rights, and Canada . The increase in First Nations literary activity during the 1980s and 1990s prompted writers and scholars to investigate Native oral and written literary history ... a history to which Johnson made a significant contribution .
Honours
In 1922, the city of Vancouver erected a monument in Johnson's honour at her well-loved Stanley Park.
In 1961, on the centennial of her birth, Johnson was celebrated with a commemorative stamp bearing her image, "rendering her the first woman (other than the Queen), the first author, and the first aboriginal Canadian to be thus honored" .
Four Canadian schools have been named in Johnson's honour: elementary schools in West Vancouver, British Columbia; Scarborough, Ontario; and Burlington, Ontario; and a high school in Brantford, Ontario.
Chiefswood, Johnson's childhood home constructed in 1856 in Brantford, has been listed as a National Historic Site because of her father and her historical importance, and has been preserved as a house museum. It is the oldest Native mansion surviving from pre-Confederation times. An Ontario Historical Plaque was erected in front of the Chiefswood house museum by the province to commemorate E. Pauline Johnson's role in Ontario's heritage.
On 11 March 2008, City Opera Vancouver announced its commission of
Pauline, a chamber opera to star the dramatic mezzo Judith Forst. The composer is Christos Hatzis, with libretto by Margaret Atwood. The work is planned for premiere in early 2011. The first opera to be written about Pauline Johnson, it is set in Vancouver in March 1913, in the last week of her life.
Canadian actor Donald Sutherland narrated the following quote from her poem "Autumn's Orchestra", at the opening ceremonies of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.
- Know by the music woven through
- This fragile web of cadences I spin,
- That I have only caught these songs
- Since you voiced them upon your haunting violin.
Commemorative postage stamp
On 10 March 1961, the Government of Canada released a commemorative stamp celebrating the 100th anniversary of Pauline Johnston's birth. The Post Office's press release of the time described its new stamp and some of her achievements:
- :This new postage stamp honours the centennial of the birth of Miss E. Pauline Johnson, [aboriginal] poetess. The stamp shows a profile of the late poetess, wearing a high ruffled collar of Victorian apparel superimposed on a background of forests, plains and mountains. In the background, a full-length likeness of Miss Johnson in tribal costume is shown to emphasize her two personalities of [aboriginal] princess and Victorian lady. In the foreground lower left corner, "1861", the year of her birth, appears on the pages of an open book representing her contribution to Canadian literature. In announcing this stamp, the Postmaster General said that in commemorating Pauline Johnson, we pay tribute to all Canadian [aboriginals] for their contributions of our Canadian way of life...
- :In 1895, she published "White Wampum" and in 1903, she added "Canadian Born" to the world of Canadian writings. In 1912, she gathered a collection of her poems and added a biographical sketch which she published under the title of "Flint and Feather". This was followed by her first novel in 1913, "The Shagganappi". Although her contributions were numerous, she is perhaps better known for her volume of prose tales which she called "Legends of Vancouver" published in 1911.
A release of 35,450,000 stamps was issued by the Canada Banknote Company, with stamp design by Bernard J. Reddie and engravings by Yves Baril and Gordon Mash.