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The son of Sir William Mure of Rowallan, his mother was Elizabeth, sister of the poet Alexander Montgomerie. He was a member of the Scottish parliament in 1643, and took part in the English campaign of 1644. He was wounded at the battle of Marston Moor, but a month later was commanding a regiment at Newcastle.

He wrote Dido and Aeneas; a translation (1628) of Boyd of Trochrig's Latin Hecatombe Christiana; The True Crucifixe for True Catholikes (1629); a paraphrase of the Psalms; the Historie and Descent of the House of Rowallane; A Counter-buff to Lysimachus Nicanor; The Cry of Blood and of a Broken Covenant (1650);besides much miscellaneous verse and many sonnets.

A complete edition of his works was edited by William Tough for the Scottish Text Society (2 vols., 1898). Mure's Lute-Book, a musical document of considerable interest, is preserved in the Laing collection of manuscripts in the library of the university of Edinburgh.